Delay Time
Delay is an audio effect in which audio repeats a short time after the original sound to produce an echo. The delayed signal may either be played back multiple times, or played back into the recording again, to create the sound of a repeating, decaying echo.When using earlier tape based delay devices, the distance between the record and playback heads created the effect. The greater the distance, the slower the speed and therefore resulting in a loner delay. Pre-Delay determines the amount of time between the original signal and the onset of early reflections.
Feedback
In terms of audio, Feedback is a special type of positive loop gain that occurs when a microphone picks pop the audio output signal from a speaker or amplifier. In order to reduce audio feedback, reduce the number of open mics and turn off microphones that aren’t In use.
Inverse Square Law
Basically, for every doubling of distance from the sound source, the intensity of the sound drops by 6dB. In terms of his is the distance between the microphone and the sound source.
Critical Distance
‘Critical Distance is the distance from the sound source where the direct and reverberant sound energies become equal. The more reverberant a room is, the closer the Critical Distance is to the sound source. The more absorbent a room is, the further the Critical Distance is from the sound source.’
For the best audio design, the critical distance should be as far as possible from the sound source. Direct sound from the speaker system lowers in level - inverse square law - whereas reverberation constantly spreads throughout the room. Audio signals greater than 12dB lose their quality.
Reverb
Reverb is a collection of reflected sounds that usually are more noticeable when inside a large enclosed apace such as a church. Apart from in an anechoic chamber, reverberation is present in every room but most of the time it isn’t noticeable.
Early Reflections
These are direct copies of the direct sound source, rather than diffused mixtures that are present in late reflections or reverb. Early reflections arrive at the microphone about 30ms after the direct sound.
Diffusion
Diffusion controls the rate at which the reverb reflections will be increase in density. The higher the diffusion the more regular the reflections will be. Reflections with a low diffusion setting tend to sound more distinct and grainy than high density settings.
References
Simple Delay // Audio Effect
YouTube. (2019). Simple Delay // Audio Effect. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ATmoeFTkaaw [Accessed 18 Dec. 2019].
How to Control Feedback in a Sound System Shure.com. (2013). How to Control Feedback in a Sound System. [online] Available at: https://www.shure.com/en-US/performance-production/louder/how-to-control-feedback-in-a-sound-system [Accessed 18 Dec. 2019].
Specials, C.
Specials, C. (2011). The ultimate guide to effects: reverb. [online] MusicRadar. Available at: https://www.musicradar.com/tuition/tech/the-ultimate-guide-to-effects-reverb-461487 [Accessed 18 Dec. 2019].
INVERSE SQUARE LAW
Sweetwater. (1997). Inverse Square Law. [online] Available at: https://www.sweetwater.com/insync/inverse-square-law/ [Accessed 18 Dec. 2019].
Acoustics: Critical Distance
Education.lenardaudio.com. (2015). Acoustics: Critical Distance. [online] Available at: http://education.lenardaudio.com/en/04_acoustics_2.html [Accessed 19 Dec. 2019].
Early Reflections
Vocal.com. (2010). Early Reflections. [online] Available at: https://www.vocal.com/dereverberation/early-reflections/ [Accessed 19 Dec. 2019].
Early Reflections | Sweetwater
inSync. (2005). Early Reflections | Sweetwater. [online] Available at: https://www.sweetwater.com/insync/early-reflections/ [Accessed 19 Dec. 2019].
REVERB PARAMETERS EXPLAINED IN LOGIC: PRE-DELAY, ATTACK, DECAY, DIFFUSION, DENSITY, SPREAD, ROOM SHAPE
Point Blank Plus. (2011). Reverb Parameters Explained in Logic: Pre-delay, Attack, Decay, Diffusion, Density, Spread, Room Shape. [online] Available at: https://plus.pointblankmusicschool.com/reverb-parameters-explained-in-logic-pre-delay-attack-decay-diffusion-density-spread-room-shape/ [Accessed 19 Dec. 2019].